FAN CLUTCH Thermal or non thermal?


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By Philo - 14 Years Ago
As I was motorvatin' over the road I wound her up to 6500.......well, the stock '57 4 blade fan pulled the w.p. fan hub forward on the shaft and the fan lunched the radiator. Nice.

So, I have a '69 6 blade clutch fan I'm thinking of using the next time around and my question is should I go with a non thermal type clutch? My thinking is that these spin around 1800 rpm max regardless of engine speed, so there wll be less drag and pull than a thermal type when it locks up? What do you guys think?

(The stock fan, electric fan or a flex fan are out of the question)

FYI: Always mic the shafts and hubs on w.p. re-building kits! I learned an expensive lesson!

By GREENBIRD56 - 14 Years Ago
Try this Hayden web site for an explanation of their thermal and non-thermal cliutches. In that brand there are four offerings - only one is a non-thermal. http://www.haydenauto.com/Featured%20Products-Fan%20Clutches%20and%20Fan%20Blades/Content.aspx

I found a couple of thermal types that fit the Y-block pretty well - and bought one. Seems to work OK - not a lot of miles on it.

In their catalog look at part numbers #2747 (heavy Duty) and #2797 (Severe Duty). The #2747 will fit a 3/4 shaft and comes with a spacer for 5/8 shaft - the #2797 is for a 5/8. Their "normal" application seems to be for an 80"s Bronco with heavy duty cooling (AC).  

I used one because I wanted to utilize a smaller pulley to jack up the waterpump speed - and when I did, the fan was really wheeling. The inherent clutch slippage seems to deal with that nicely. I'm running a seven blade (aluminum) fan off a Pontiac.

The clutch - especially the "Severe Duty" takes some space - I don't know what you have available, but be aware.    

By GREENBIRD56 - 14 Years Ago
this diagram shows the dim's of the big severe duty fan clutch (for 5/8 shaft)

Its 1-5/8 from the rear face of the clutch fan hub - forward to the face the fan bolts to and 3-3/4 out over the nose of the clutch

As you can see - even with a 2-3/16 thick fan (measured lying down on a flat face) - the clutch is what takes the room.

t-birds have lots of room so its not a big deal - but the sedans will be different I'm sure.

By Pete 55Tbird - 14 Years Ago
Philo

You asked about thermal and non thermal fan clutches and stated that you will not consider a flex fan. Why not? I just replaced a thermal clutch fan on a Jaguar with a flex fan. The right thermal clutch fan is heavy and the metal fan is also heavy. On you Yblock even if the thermal fan never exceeds 1800 RPM the fan clutch STILL TURNS as FAST as ever  and this puts a sever strain on the water pump shaft. By using a flex fan and an aluminum spacer on my Jag I reduced the rotational mass by a hugh amount. Flex fans were developed to increase mileage and help emissions ( faster warm up). If your cooling system is in good shape and you have a fan shroud a flex fan is a good choice. You might want to re-think your decision. Pete

By HT32BSX115 - 14 Years Ago
As I was motorvatin' over the road I wound her up to 6500.......well, the stock '57 4 blade fan pulled the w.p. fan hub forward on the shaft and the fan lunched the radiator. Nice.
w00tw00t



I'm not planning on 6500 RPM ( w00t w00t ) but I am planning a Hayden 3619 (19" 6 blade aluminum) and a thermal clutch for my 292 in my 55 F-600!



Cheers,



Rick




By Don Woodruff - 14 Years Ago
OK Steve really need to know where you got that fuel filter. I really like it, is it set up for a 3/8 line?

Don W.

By PF Arcand - 14 Years Ago
Philo: A side note on your fan disaster. If your Y-Blk has a relatively stock valve train, ?.. Ford only designed the original stk valve train for max 5400 rpm! The engines power peak was at about 4800 rpm. If you wind it to 6500, you are flirting with disaster!!
By Philo - 14 Years Ago
Steve, thanks for the great info. And, alas you're right, Not enough room for a clutch fan in a "sedan".

Pete, Looks like a fex fan is my only option now. I'm running a generator so I don't have the ampereage for an electric fan and don't like the look of them anyway.

Paul, I installed the balanced, blueprinted, Isky cammed +.040 312 this spring so I'm safe. 6500 is my new redline, but will shift @ 6k when I'm "on it"!

My new radiator should be here the first of next week. Thinking of going with the large bearing truck pump with 3/4" shaft and drilling out the car pulley to match and spacing it forward to match the crank and gen. pulleys. I'm wondering if the truck impeller will pump too much water volume as it had deeper "blades"? It will be turning slower than the stock truck setup because of the larger pass. car pulley. Dose anyone have any thoughts on that?

I'd like some advice on which 18" flex fan to buy.  Number of blades, type, brand etc. I'll be running a 3 row copper/brass rad.

Thanks to all,

Philo

By GREENBIRD56 - 14 Years Ago
I've seen some data that showed no value to the flex fans (as far as reducing HP requirements) - so why give away the cooling capability? Testing (as I recall) showed that when the rev's were going way up or quickly accelerating - the belts slipped more often than not.

I think you would be better off with a fixed aluminum blade style fan - that had relatively low rotating inertia. You can find them with both six and seven blades. 

When I lived in Wyoming - my buddies with trucks that pulled trailers - told me the flex fans were worthless when you had to tach up the motor in second to climb a mountain. Just when you needed a lot of air flow - it was flat.

By famdoc3 - 14 Years Ago
I have the clutch fan set up on my T'bird to.  It has worked great for many miles and keeps the car cool w/o the excessive fan sound of the flex fan I used before.  MIKE
By Duck - 14 Years Ago
Steve; Just curious- How far are your fan blades from the radiator, and do they protrude from the fan shroud, and if so, how much ? /Duck
By GREENBIRD56 - 14 Years Ago
Hi Duck - Tthe fan blade leading edge is 3-7/8 from the radiator and it sticks out the back of the shroud by 1/8 or less. The T-bird shroud has a sort of "spherical" shape at the rear 2-1/2 inches or so and I configured the cut down Pontiac fan to have a leading edge that just neatly sweeps the space (with reasonable clearance).

The fan came with a junk GM clutch I had to throw away.......

By miker - 14 Years Ago
Just a couple observations.



I was motoring along one evening, cold in December, in a vette on cruise control about 2800rpm. Suddenly, the car lost about 5mph, roared like a jet was making a low pass, and the cruise kicked in and added throttle. I tapped off the cruise, slowed down and pulled over. Everything seemed normal. Got out, opened the hood, and seemed to have a bit more fan noise. I shut the motor off, grabbed the fan, and the thermal clutch was frozen up. Obviously failed at speed. But it made it clear to me how well they worked. I left it on that car all the way thru 400hp, with air and power everything, and a big block radiator, and it ran about 10 degrees warm on a 95 degree day. Way better than any flex fan than I ever had.



I've been running an electric on the 'bird since I put the s/c on, and am about to put an aluminum radiator in it. I was going to build a shroud, but based on Steve's input, I'll be checking to see if I can go that route with the s/c off.



An old time motor home and truck guy told me if I could find a 25hp electric fan, it might keep me cool on a hill in the motor home. That kind of tells the story.
By Pete 55Tbird - 14 Years Ago
Is this a case of "Mission Creep"?

This started out because a factory medal fan at high engine RPM pulled the waterpump shaft forward and took out the radiator.

Now we are talking about how to keep a motorhome cool as we climb the Rockies and what happened to a Corvette when the fan clutch siezed.

If you have a high RPM engine and want to reduce the force on the waterpump bearings start by reducing the mass ( weight ) that is on the waterpump shaft. NO FAN-CLUTCH, NO IRON FAN. Look at a fixed aluminum multi-blade fan or a flex fan.

If cooling with a fan shroud is not an issue why try to solve a problem that does not exist.

OK I feel better. Pete

By miker - 14 Years Ago
Sorry, Pete, your probably right.  My point was they take a lot of power, and that means a lot of load one way or another.  I never realized how much until I had those experiences.

Glad you feel better. We can all use a little of that.

By marvh - 14 Years Ago
Philo:



Many of the water pump re-builders today are re-using the impeller and hub and gluing them down with epoxy or other loctites. I refused delivery of a pump a short time ago that had a used impeller and hub glued onto the shaft. I bought a new pump instead for just a few dollars more.



When we used to buy the kits to rebuild the pumps ourselves it was a definite no-no to reuse either the hub or the impeller because when you pushed these items off the shaft you would remove a thousandth or micro-thousandth of metal. The hubs and impeller are cast so are softer than the steel shaft. Removal of this small amounts of metal would allow looseness and sometimes allow the impeller or hub to shift on the shaft.



To use the truck water pump you should check the impeller to casing clearance as the trucks use a different timing cover than the sedans.



I agree with Steve on the flex fans they are more hype than help.



Ford used a 5 blade 18" fan as an optional extra cooling fan on the Ford and t birds and a 5 blade 18.25 fan on mercs.



I would look for a 5 blade fan and a smaller water pump pulley if you have a engine temperature problem. I run a 5 blade fan with a water pump pulley off a 57 merc with HD generater as these are smaller diameter than the 56 and later pulleys are.



marv
By Philo - 14 Years Ago
Marv,

I wrote a long winded reply to your informative post this morning, but for some reason it didn't post..............The bottom line was; Where did you get the new pump you trusted and/or what brand was it?

Thanks!

Philo 

By marvh - 14 Years Ago
The water pump is made by Elgin. I bought it off ebay from one of the supplier. Cost about $80.00

Here is one

item 220773721563

marv
By HT32BSX115 - 14 Years Ago
Pete 55Tbird (5/20/2011)
Is this a case of "Mission Creep"?



This started out because a factory medal fan at high engine RPM pulled the waterpump shaft forward and took out the radiator.



Now we are talking about how to keep a motorhome cool as we climb the Rockies and what happened to a Corvette when the fan clutch siezed.




Nah. I do think he's trying to illustrate why an electric fan might not be the best choice in every case.....



I had the same questions when I was selecting the fan for my 292......it's going in a truck (a REAL truck) not a 1/2 ton car that will never tow or carry anything...... so when I work the engine I want enough airflow to keep everything cool. Electric fans are great for most of the vehicles out there cruising along on level ground......



Go try to buy an electric fan system to replace the engine driven fans on a motor home though (or any F-250/350/etc truck that will tow something BIG) and the electric fans required to do the job become VERY expensive and they draw upwards of 50-100 AMPS to make enough power to run the motors....to move the air!



Just consider if your engine driven fan needs 1-2hp HP to turn it at 3500 (towing RPM) that's



around 750-1500 WATTS. At 14V that would be around 50 to a little over 100A (possibly exceeding your ALT output!! w00t )



This is why I am staying with the "high-mount" fan on my F-600 and using a clutch.









An old time motor home and truck guy told me if I could find a 25hp electric fan, it might keep me cool on a hill in the motor home. That kind of tells the story.





yeah.....go for it but you'll need a trailer to bring your big 20kw generator along!!.....a 25hp 12v DC motor would need an alternator capable of supplying more than 1500 AMPS !! Otherwise you'd need to power a 240v motor for the fan!!



I suppose 25hp for the fan is a bit of an exaggeration....... Wink




By charliemccraney - 14 Years Ago
I'm not understanding why electric fans are worse for towing. First off, many electric fans have more efficient blade designs than engine driven fans. This means that the electric fan can move more air for a given power draw which makes it difficult to compare electric and engine driven fans directly. Electric or mechanical, it simply has to move enough of a volume of air in order to cool the engine sufficiently; the means of moving that volume should not matter.

Now, looking on Summit, I picked a fan, a flex a lite 398. It is a 16" that moves 2500cfm and draws 17 amps.

Since fans are round, we can assume that the volume that will pass through can be represented by a cylinder. The formula to calculate the volume of a cylinder is Pi x r squared x height. Pi x r squared is 1.396 feet. We know this fan moves 2500cfm in one minute so height must be 1790.493ft. This means that the fan moves a column of air 1790.793 feet long in one minute. That is equal to .339 miles in one minute and since there are 60 minutes in an hour, that equals a velocity of 20.347 mph. So in this instance, this fan will be worthless above about 20mph. In reality it will be a slower speed that the fan is no longer required because the area of the radiator core will be much greater. If we use my trucks radiator, which is 26" x18" or 3.25 square feet, it works out to 5819.103 cfm of airflow across the core at just over 20mph.

Another, Flex-a-lite 180 moves 3300cfm with a 15" blade and 18 amp draw. That's equivalent to traveling 30mph or 8580cfm across the core at that vehicle speed. Just how much air flow do you need?

So if airflow is what is required to cool an engine, how is it that an equally sized, more efficiently designed electric fan is no good for towing? I personally have no experience with towing so there could be a variable I'm not considering but it isn't adding up. In fact, one of my friends has a Chevy 1500 with the towing package and it has factory electric fans.
By HT32BSX115 - 14 Years Ago
I'm not understanding why electric fans are worse for towing.






I guess I wouldn't say they're "worse" for towing...



The ones I priced for high GCVW[Gross Combined Vehicle Weight] (18,000lbs limit) towing in an F250/350 or larger were over $500 ($588 + shipping) (I think I'm going to have less than $100 in my high mount system including the fan, clutch, pulleys, etc)



I'll stand corrected on the current draw of the big ones for towing. ... they're rated at 36A at full power. (2 fans, 18A ea) AND 6000CFM.





So in this instance, this fan will be worthless above about 20mph. In reality it will be a slower speed that the fan is no longer required because the area of the radiator core will be much greater. If we use my trucks radiator, which is 26" x18" or 3.25 square feet, it works out to 5819.103 cfm of airflow across the core at just over 20mph.





I'm not sure I'm following you here.....



Using the above example, I should be able to pull a hill fully loaded at more than 20 MPH and not need to have the fan running at all.....the airflow through the radiator just from moving through the air would be sufficient........



This is not the case for any towing I have done....



The clutch fan on my tow vehicle (3/4T 4x4 ) when pulling my 5000lb boat doesn't engage fully UNTIL I get on the hill. Pulling at 45-50 MPH & full throttle, I can watch the temp rise until it reaches about 210 when I hear the clutch engage. (then it sounds like a C-130 running up!!)



Clutchfans don't fully DIS-engage either. They're designed to still provide some power to the fan all the time.......












By charliemccraney - 14 Years Ago
You're following just fine. That there should be enough airflow at speed is exactly what I was implying. Maybe the fan actually offers enough restriction to the airflow when it is disengaged that it prevents adequate airflow under heavy load and the solution is to engage the fan to allow the air to pass through. This could be a potential problem when a shroud is in use, and one usually is.
By Philo - 14 Years Ago
......it's going in a truck (a REAL truck) not a 1/2 ton car that will never tow or carry anything......

If I want to tow or haul something, I'll just hire you..............OK, Big Boy?

By HT32BSX115 - 14 Years Ago
So, I have a '69 6 blade clutch fan I'm thinking of using the next time around and my question is should I go with a non thermal type clutch? My thinking is that these spin around 1800 rpm max regardless of engine speed, so there wll be less drag and pull than a thermal type when it locks up? What do you guys think?


So....back to your original "problem"......[whew!]

I think a thermal, non-thermal, or even an electric would work just fine for what you're doing (unless you're dragging your 36ft house trailer up to Mt Pilot for the weekend!).....you might take a look at the RPM limits for whatever clutch you're going to use though. I think mine [Hayden] came with an upper RPM limit.....but I'm not going to run higher than "normal" RPM for a 292.

You've probably already seen this..... http://www.haydenauto.com/Featured%20Products-Fan%20Clutches%20and%20Fan%20Blades/Content.aspx

Cheers,


Rick
By GREENBIRD56 - 14 Years Ago
Seems to me that the OEM's went through a considrable number of years where they were firmly convinced of the value of the thermal clutches. High performance engine packages had them - and the towing packages had them. Big Caddies with dual air conditioners had them too.

The OEM's are also "cost driven" - and they eventually went to higher allowable engine operating temps - and cost reductions they got from using electric fans. We don't have the luxury of rigging up high temp engines in our driveways - and we aren't a business buying thousands of electric fans assembled in Mexico. So.....the old technology direct drive fans and clutch driven versions will work well enough for our purposes. 

By Pete 55Tbird - 14 Years Ago
Steve

I agree with everything you say regarding manufactures putting thermal fan clutches on almost all their cars from the late 60`s until they switched to electric fans (and ATF in manual transmissions) to get the last mile per gallon out of   gasoline. And they do work well on systems that were designed to have them as OEM.

Philo was trying to avoid another fan lunching his radiator at high engine RPM. I think that until someone sells an improved Yblock water pump with bigger bearing or more efficient impeller design and larger pulley then his better choice to avoid a repeat is to reduce the rotating mass from the water pump by using no clutch fan and an aluminum fan ( fixed or flex) I don`t think fan noise is an issue and no mention was made of cooling issues, only wasted radiators.

If he buys that BIG TRUCK he mentioned then that's a different matter. Pete

By lovefordgalaxie - 14 Years Ago
charliemccraney (5/21/2011)
I'm not understanding why electric fans are worse for towing. First off, many electric fans have more efficient blade designs than engine driven fans. This means that the electric fan can move more air for a given power draw which makes it difficult to compare electric and engine driven fans directly. Electric or mechanical, it simply has to move enough of a volume of air in order to cool the engine sufficiently; the means of moving that volume should not matter.

Now, looking on Summit, I picked a fan, a flex a lite 398. It is a 16" that moves 2500cfm and draws 17 amps.

Since fans are round, we can assume that the volume that will pass through can be represented by a cylinder. The formula to calculate the volume of a cylinder is Pi x r squared x height. Pi x r squared is 1.396 feet. We know this fan moves 2500cfm in one minute so height must be 1790.493ft. This means that the fan moves a column of air 1790.793 feet long in one minute. That is equal to .339 miles in one minute and since there are 60 minutes in an hour, that equals a velocity of 20.347 mph. So in this instance, this fan will be worthless above about 20mph. In reality it will be a slower speed that the fan is no longer required because the area of the radiator core will be much greater. If we use my trucks radiator, which is 26" x18" or 3.25 square feet, it works out to 5819.103 cfm of airflow across the core at just over 20mph.

Another, Flex-a-lite 180 moves 3300cfm with a 15" blade and 18 amp draw. That's equivalent to traveling 30mph or 8580cfm across the core at that vehicle speed. Just how much air flow do you need?

So if airflow is what is required to cool an engine, how is it that an equally sized, more efficiently designed electric fan is no good for towing? I personally have no experience with towing so there could be a variable I'm not considering but it isn't adding up. In fact, one of my friends has a Chevy 1500 with the towing package and it has factory electric fans.




I loved this. Couldn't have being better explained.

Another point in favor of engine driven fan: Their speed, and the cfm, changes with the engine's speed, even on thermal fans.

As an engineer, I can say that reducing the mass of the fan is the number one goal here. A clutch, thermal or not, wil encrease weight. For a stock engine, running at stock angular speeds, it's ok, but when pushing 6500 RPM, you must have a light fan, to reduce the load on the bearing, and shaft. The high inertia of a heavy fan, will cause stress at the shaft/hub union at every change in engine speed. The lower the mass, the lower the inertia, and the stress.