I see jet sizes batted around pretty freely without the specifics to the exact carb that’s being used. A Carter 625 will not necessarily be the same jet/rod combination as an Edelbrock 625 and likewise, there are several models of the Carter 600 which all vary in their stock or as delivered baseline jetting. Exact model numbers on carbs get important at this point as air bleed sizes and fuel circuitry within the same cfm rating will differ and in turn will dictate different jet sizes and hence different model numbers. This is also true with the 600 cfm Holleys as there are a multitude of them with this cfm rating but different model numbers and subsequently different jet sizes to go with the different circuitries. As a rule, always begin any tuning with the stock or as delivered jet sizes as a starting point as these jets are generally in the ballpark.
On my ’55 Customline with a mildly hopped up 272, I ran a 500 cfm Carter (Model #9503) and ultimately ended up with 0.073 X 0.060” metering rods and 0.092” jets in the primary side. This gave good all around performance and decent fuel economy but this jet/rod pairing is for this particular application and likely will not work as well if at all with other size or model AFB carbs. Like has been said, the AFB carbs are very flexible in their tuning capabilities and in certain areas, much more tuning friendly than the Holley carbs especially when it comes to everyday street driving.
When dealing with the Carter AFB carbs, it becomes important to know how to calculate the effective fuel surface areas at the jet when dealing with rod and jet combinations as the two typically have to be changed at the same time for fine tuning purposes. Just changing the rod or the jet without consideration of the other can be a drastic fuel delivery change and can easily be too much or too little fuel. But after saying this, the metering rods can be changed without removing the carb top which makes it quite easy to make some quick primary side jetting changes without any serious carb dissassembly but fine tuning typically requires both the jet and rod to be changed. Power valve springs can also be changed quite easily without carb dissassembly as well as altering the fuel curve for the power enrichment circuit. Changing the secondary jets still requires the top of the carb to be removed. Many of the newer AFB’s will require Torx style screw drivers in which to access the metering rods, power valve springs, and to remove the carb top.