I like the Holley 390 on my Y block. I have run 600 (list 1850) and 780 (list 3310) on other engines. Always have had the best service from them. Easy to tune, easy to get parts for, they all work very well. There are lots of options available, like different bowls, stub stacks, etc.
But, I've also run a Carter 670 cfm AFB on all sorts of things. It is a stock 400 hp single quad 409 carb and I've had it since high school. It has run on a 425 Olds, a 454, a 400 Pontiac, and now sits on my 272 Y Block. I got a Carter strip kit for it years ago. You used to be able to get the same kind of kit thru Mopar Direct Connection -- maybe you still can. These kits come with a number of different rods and jets. Now that Edelbrock has taken over production, I see that AFB metering rod springs are available for even more tuning options. This carb works great on everything I've run it on.
I'd go with a 500 if your goal is to have a stock street driver. If you want to heat things up in the future, go with the bigger one. My take would be that you would see a slight increase in "sharpness" and throttle response with the smaller one, and maybe a tad better mileage, too. The big one would offer (maybe) a mile or two an hour better on the top end and room to "grow" if you wanted to cam the motor later on.
I have no gripe at all with an AFB -- they are very nice carbs and I think that they are easier to work on than Holleys. But I do have my reasons for liking Holleys better. I always suggest that it's best to run what you like when faced with a carb brand choice. But as for size, You probably aren't going to go too wrong with either carb, but each will offer a little more for certain uses.
My Little Y Block Page
